Commonly Used Auxotrophic Markers

This table describes some commonly used auxotrophic markers (along with some novel useful markers); it was obtained from Brachmann et al. (1998) "Designer deletion strains derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C: a useful set of strains and plasmids for PCR-mediated gene disruption and other applications." Yeast Volume 14, pp 115-132.

Please send e-mail to the curators at SGD at yeast-curator@genome.stanford.edu if you have additions or modifications you would like to suggest.

Allele Deleted ORF? Reverts? Notes Molecular descriptiona Reference
ade1-14 no yes red colonies TGG-to-TGA nonsense change at codon 244;
GGA-to-GAA missense change at codon 185. 		Nakayishiki et al. 2001
ade2-1 no yes ochre mutation TTA-to-TTG silent change at codon 9,
GAA-to-TAA ochre nonsense change at codon 64,
AGA-to-GGA missense change at codon 101,
GTT-to-GTC silent change at codon 124,
ACG-to-ACA silent change at codon 539.		 Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD.
ade2-101 no yes ochre mutation, red colonies G to T transversion at nucleotide 190, changing amino acid 64 from a Glu to a Stop Gai and Voytas, 2005
ade2-BglII no no red colonies frameshift (BglII site filled in at position 592) Engebrecht and Roeder 1990
can1-100 no yes ochre mutation AAA-to-TAA ochre nonsense change at codon 47 Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD.
his3delta200 yes no Cold sensitive; high frequency of petite formation, especially during transformation.
Note that this deletion damages the PET56 promoter. See Zhang et al., (2003) for a discussion of this issue.		 1 kb deletion, (-205 to 835) Struhl 1985; Fasullo and Davis 1988; Siram et al. YGM RNA processing mtg 1993
his3delta1 partial no - 187 bp HindIII-HindIII internal (305 to 492) Scherer and Davis 1979
his3-11,15 no no double mutant G deletion at nucleotide 208,
G deletion at nucleotide 319.		 Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD.
leu2delta1 partial no - 0.6 kb deletion, EcoRI-ClaI internal (163 to 649) Sikorski and Hieter 1989
leu2-3,112 no no double mutant GTC-to-GTT silent change at codon 56,
GTT-to-GCT missene change at codon 69,
G insertion at nucleotide 249,
G insertion at nucleotide 792,
GTT-to-GTC silent change at codon 299,
GAC-to-AAC missense change at codon 300.		 Hinnen et al. 1978;
Gaber and Culbertson 1982;
Meira LB et al., 1995;
Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD.
lys2-801 no yes amber mutation - -
lys2delta202 partial no - 1.0 kb deletion, XhoI-HpaI internal (1813 to 2864) Winston et al. 1995
trp1delta1 yes no cold sensitiveb, weak galactose inducer (deletes GAL3 UAS), removes ARS1, also called trp1-901 1.45 kb deletion, EcoRI-EcoRI (-102 to 1352) Sikorski and Hieter 1989
trp1delta63 partial no cold sensitiveb 0.6 kb deletion, EcoRI-HindIII (-102 to 513) Sikorski and Hieter 1989
trp1-1 no yes amber mutation GAG-to-TAG amber nonsense change at codon 83 McDonald, et al. 1997
trp1-289 no yes cold sensitiveb C to T at residue 403 of the coding sequence, changing residue 135 from glutamine to an amber stop codon. Brian Green and Joachim Li, unpublished results
ura3-52 no no - Ty1 insertion (transcribing left to right) at pos. 121 Rose and Winston 1984
ura3-1 no yes - G to A transition at residue 701 of the coding sequence, changing residue 234 from glycine to glutamine Yan Li, Glenn Manthey, and Adam Bailis, unpublished results
The following new alleles listed below are described in Brachmann et al. 1998
ade2delta::hisG no no - - (Aparicio et al. 1991)
leu2delta0 yes no designer deletion - Brachmann et al. 1998
lys2delta0 yes no designer deletion - Brachmann et al. 1998
met15delta0 yes no designer deletion - Brachmann et al. 1998
ura3delta0 yes no designer deletion - Brachmann et al. 1998
aThe sequence coordinates are relative to the first ATG of the selectable marker ORF, in which the A residue is defined as +1.

bAll trp- strains are cold sensitive (Singh and Manney 1974).