WHI5 / YOR083W Overview
- Standard Name
- WHI5 1
- Systematic Name
- YOR083W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000005609
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Repressor of G1 transcription; binds to SCB binding factor (SBF) at SCB target promoters in early G1; phosphorylation of Whi5p by G1 cyclin (Cln)/Cdc28p relieves repression and promoter binding by Whi5p, drives nuclear export, and contributes to both the determination of critical cell size at START and cell fate; dephosphorylated and re-imported into the nucleus post-START during the starvation response, reversing commitment; expression is repressed in M/early G phase; analogous to metazoan Rb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
- Name Description
- WHIskey 10
- Paralog
- SRL3
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Length (a.a.)
- 295
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 32897.7
- Isoelectric Point
- 6.75
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 2478 +/- 976
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all WHI5 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Transcription cofactor that represses transcription during the G1/S mitotic transition; component of the SBF transcription complex; localizes to both the cytoplasm and nucleus
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle (IGI, IMP)
- involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IGI, IMP)
- involved in regulation of cell size (HMP)
- involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IGI)
- involved in traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycle (IMP)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene; null mutant has small nuclei, small cell size, extended lifespan, is sensitive to caffeine; ability of homozygous diploid null to sporulate is dependent on strain background; heterozygous diploid null is haploinsufficient
Classical Genetics
- null
- cell cycle progression in G1 phase: abnormal
- cell cycle progression in G1 phase: decreased duration
- cell size: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- chromosome/plasmid maintenance: abnormal
- critical cell size at START (G1 cell-size checkpoint): decreased
- exit from G0 (stationary phase): delayed
- fermentative metabolism: increased rate
- growth in exponential phase: increased rate
- protein/peptide accumulation: premature
- replicative lifespan: increased
- replicative lifespan: normal
- RNA accumulation: premature
- size of nucleus: decreased
- overexpression
- reduction of function
- unspecified
- null
- cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase transition: delayed
- cell size: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chronological lifespan: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- haploinsufficient
- heat sensitivity: decreased
- protein/peptide accumulation: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- sporulation efficiency: decreased
- sporulation: normal
- UV resistance: decreased
- viable
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- The whi5 null mutant is viable; the null mutant of paralog srl3 is viable; the whi5 srl3 double mutant has not been annotated for phenotype.
545 total interactions for 393 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 8
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 3
- Affinity Capture-Western: 20
- Biochemical Activity: 19
- Co-localization: 1
- Protein-peptide: 1
- Reconstituted Complex: 6
- Two-hybrid: 2
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Growth Defect: 10
- Dosage Lethality: 2
- Dosage Rescue: 3
- Negative Genetic: 315
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 15
- Phenotypic Suppression: 16
- Positive Genetic: 85
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 11
- Synthetic Lethality: 5
- Synthetic Rescue: 23
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- WHI5 encodes a transcriptional repressor involved in control of G1/S transition in the mitotic cell cycle. During the early G1 phase, Whi5p inhibits transcription of genes required for cell cycle progression into the S phase by binding to the transcriptional activator Swi4p-Swi6p complex (SBF) at target promoters. At the onset of G1/S transition, Whi5p is phosphorylated by the CDK-Cyclin complex, Cdc28p-Cln3p, which triggers its dissociation from SBF and exit from nucleus. Subsequent weak activation of transcription results in accumulation of cyclins Cln1p and Cln2p that in turn stimulate Cdc28p to further phosphorylate and inactivate Whi5p. Removal of Whi5p inhibition allows transcriptional activators SBF and MBF (Mbp1p-Swi6p) to activate transcription of over 200 genes that contain SCB (Swi4/6-dependent cell cycle box) or MCB (Mlu1 cell cycle box) regulatory elements in their promoters. Among those genes are the S-phase cyclins that initiate DNA synthesis. Whi5p re-appears in the nucleus after completion of mitosis and elimination of the CDK activity by the mitotic exit network (MEN). Despite sharing no sequence similarity, Whi5p is functionally analogous in cell cycle control to human retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein.
- Regulators
- 3
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2006-08-24
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.