ALT1 / YLR089C Overview
- Standard Name
- ALT1 1 2
- Systematic Name
- YLR089C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000004079
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Alanine transaminase (glutamic pyruvic transaminase); involved in alanine biosynthesis and catabolism; TOR1-independent role in determining chronological lifespan; expression is induced in the presence of alanine; repression is mediated by Nrg1p; ALT1 has a paralog, ALT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Alt2p is catalytically inactive 1 3 4 5 6
- Name Description
- ALanine Transaminase 1
- Paralog
- ALT2 5
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- ALT1/YLR089C is located on the right arm of chromosome XII between GAA1 and XDJ1; coding sequence is 1779 nucleotides long with 12 SNPs, 3 of which cause amino acid polymorphisms; ALT1 has paralog ALT2 from the whole genome duplication
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Alt1p is 592 amino acids long, shorter-lived, low in abundance; acetylated on K483, succinylated on 5 lysines, phosphorylated on 5 residues
- Length (a.a.)
- 592
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 66418.2
- Isoelectric Point
- 7.02
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 8369 +/- 1591
- Half-life (hr)
- 8.5
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all ALT1 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase involved in alanine metabolism
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity (IMP)
- enables pyridoxal phosphate binding (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in alanine biosynthetic process (IMP)
- involved in alanine catabolic process (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- located in mitochondrion (HDA, IDA)
Pathways
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- ALT1/YLR089C is a non-essential gene; null mutants mutants are viable, accumulate alanine and reactive oxygen species, grow slowly, are defective in utilization of alanine as nitrogen source, grow poorly under anaerobic growth conditions, and are sensitive to amitrole, cycloheximide, neomycin, caspofungin, cordycepin, but resistant to myriocin
Classical Genetics
- null
- anaerobic growth: decreased
- auxotrophy
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- haploinsufficient
- metal resistance: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- size of nucleolus: decreased
- utilization of carbon source: decreased rate
- utilization of nitrogen source: decreased rate
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- viable
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Alt1p interacts physically with proteins involved in amino acid metabolism; ALT1 interacts genetically with genes involved in transcription; the alt1 null mutant is viable, the null mutant of paralog alt2 is viable, the alt1 alt2 double mutant displays a growth defect
605 total interactions for 456 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 30
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 6
- Affinity Capture-Western: 1
- Co-localization: 1
- Co-purification: 1
- PCA: 2
- Two-hybrid: 2
Genetic Interactions
- Negative Genetic: 422
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 1
- Phenotypic Suppression: 1
- Positive Genetic: 120
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 10
- Synthetic Lethality: 7
- Synthetic Rescue: 1
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Regulators
- 6
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2025-03-03
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.