Checkpoints that respond to DNA structure changes were originally defined by the inability of yeast mutants to prevent mitosis following DNA damage or S-phase arrest. Genetic analysis has subsequently identified subpathways of the DNA structure checkpoints, including the reversible arrest of DNA synthesis. Here, we show that the Cds1 kinase is required to slow S phase in the presence of DNA-damaging agents. Cds1 is phosphorylated and activated by S-phase arrest and activated by DNA damage during S phase, but not during G1 or G2. Activation of Cds1 during S phase is dependent on all six checkpoint Rad proteins, and Cds1 interacts both genetically and physically with Rad26. Unlike its Saccharomyces cerevisiae counterpart Rad53, Cds1 is not required for the mitotic arrest checkpoints and, thus, defines an S-phase specific subpathway of the checkpoint response. We propose a model for the DNA structure checkpoints that offers a new perspective on the function of the DNA structure checkpoint proteins. This model suggests that an intrinsic mechanism linking S phase and mitosis may function independently of the known checkpoint proteins.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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