Calmodulin, a cytoplasmic calcium-binding protein, is indispensable for eukaryotic cell growth. Examination of 14 temperature-sensitive yeast mutants bearing one or more phenylalanine to alanine substitutions in the single essential calmodulin gene of yeast (CMD1) revealed diverse essential functions. Mutations could be classified into four intragenic complementation groups. Each group showed different characteristic functional defects in actin organization, calmodulin localization, nuclear division, or bud emergence. Phenylalanine residues implicated in calmodulin localization and nuclear division are located in the amino-terminal half of the protein, whereas those implicated in actin organization and bud emergence are located in the carboxyl-terminal half.
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| Gene/Complex | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Source | Assigned On |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CMD1 | involved in | cytoskeleton organization | IMP | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| CMD1 | involved in | cell budding | IMP | SGD | 2013-08-07 |
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| Gene | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CMD1 | actin cytoskeleton morphology: abnormal | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-226 F92A (member of cmd1A group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | budding: absent | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-233 F12A, F140A (member of cmd1D group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase transition: arrested | homozygous diploid | conditional Allele: cmd1-239 F65A, F68A (member of cmd1C group) | Other | Temperature: elevated temperature, 37 °C | |
| CMD1 | heat sensitivity: increased | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-239 F65A, F68A (member of cmd1C group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | heat sensitivity: increased | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-226 F92A (member of cmd1A group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | heat sensitivity: increased | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-228 F12A, F16A, F19A (member of cmd1B group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | nuclear position: abnormal | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-239 F65A, F68A (member of cmd1C group) | Other | Temperature: elevated temperature, 37 °C | |
| CMD1 | position of spindle pole body: abnormal | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-239 F65A, F68A (member of cmd1C group) | Other | ||
| CMD1 | protein/peptide distribution: abnormal Reporter: CMD1 | classical genetics | conditional Allele: cmd1-228 F12A, F16A, F19A (member of cmd1B group) | Other |