The roles of two kinesin-related proteins, Kip2p and Kip3p, in microtubule function and nuclear migration were investigated. Deletion of either gene resulted in nuclear migration defects similar to those described for dynein and kar9 mutants. By indirect immunofluorescence, the cytoplasmic microtubules in kip2Delta were consistently short or absent throughout the cell cycle. In contrast, in kip3Delta strains, the cytoplasmic microtubules were significantly longer than wild type at telophase. Furthermore, in the kip3Delta cells with nuclear positioning defects, the cytoplasmic microtubules were misoriented and failed to extend into the bud. Localization studies found Kip2p exclusively on cytoplasmic microtubules throughout the cell cycle, whereas GFP-Kip3p localized to both spindle and cytoplasmic microtubules. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the kip2Delta kar9Delta double mutants were synthetically lethal, whereas kip3Delta kar9Delta double mutants were viable. Conversely, kip3Delta dhc1Delta double mutants were synthetically lethal, whereas kip2Delta dhc1Delta double mutants were viable. We suggest that the kinesin-related proteins, Kip2p and Kip3p, function in nuclear migration and that they do so by different mechanisms. We propose that Kip2p stabilizes microtubules and is required as part of the dynein-mediated pathway in nuclear migration. Furthermore, we propose that Kip3p functions, in part, by depolymerizing microtubules and is required for the Kar9p-dependent orientation of the cytoplasmic microtubules.
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| Gene/Complex | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Source | Assigned On |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KIP3 | involved in | nuclear migration along microtubule | IMP | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| KIP3 | located in | cytoplasmic microtubule | IDA | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| KIP3 | located in | nuclear microtubule | IDA | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| KIP2 | located in | cytoplasmic microtubule | IDA | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| KIP2 | involved in | negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization | IMP | SGD | 2013-08-07 | |
| KIP2 | involved in | nuclear migration along microtubule | IMP | SGD | 2013-08-07 |
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| Gene | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KIP2 | cytoskeleton morphology: abnormal | classical genetics | null Allele: kip2-Δ | Other | ||
| KIP3 | cytoskeleton morphology: abnormal | classical genetics | null Allele: kip3-Δ | Other | ||
| KIP2 | nuclear position: abnormal | classical genetics | null Allele: kip2-Δ | Other | ||
| KIP3 | nuclear position: abnormal | classical genetics | null Allele: kip3-Δ | Other |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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