Several small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), including the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 snRNAs, are associated with Sm proteins. These eight small proteins form a heteromeric complex that binds to snRNAs and plays a major role in small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) biogenesis and transport. These proteins are also a major target for autoantibodies in the human disease systemic lupus erythematosus. By sequence comparison I have shown that all the known Sm proteins share a common structural motif which might explain their immunological cross-reactivity. Database searches using this motif uncovered a large number of Sm-like proteins from plants, animals and fungi. These proteins have been grouped in at least 13 different subfamilies. Genes encoding divergent yeast members were cloned and used to produce tagged fusion proteins. Some of these proteins are canonical Sm proteins as they associate with the yeast U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 snRNAs. Surprisingly, one Sm-like protein was found to be a component of the U6 snRNP. These findings have implications for the structure of the Sm protein complex, spliceosomal snRNP evolution, snRNA transport and modification as well as the involvement of Sm proteins in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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