Yeast RNA polymerase II (Pol II) general transcription factor TFIIE and the TFIIH subunit Ssl2 (yeast ortholog of mammalian XPB) function in the transition of the preinitiation complex (PIC) to the open complex. We show that the three TFIIE winged-helix (WH) domains form a heterodimer, with the Tfa1 (TFIIEα) WH binding the Pol II clamp and the Tfa2 (TFIIEβ) tandem WH domain encircling promoter DNA that becomes single-stranded in the open complex. Ssl2 lies adjacent to TFIIE, enclosing downstream promoter DNA. Unlike previous proposals, comparison of the PIC and open-complex models strongly suggests that Ssl2 promotes DNA opening by functioning as a double-stranded-DNA translocase, feeding 15 base pairs into the Pol II cleft. Right-handed threading of DNA through the Ssl2 binding groove, combined with the fixed position of upstream promoter DNA, leads to DNA unwinding and the open state.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | File | Description |
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