Fungal contamination is prevalent in grape berries and unavoidable during the winemaking process. In botrytized wine, Botrytis cinerea contamination of grape berries beneficially promotes the wine flavor, which is desirable especially with high glycerol content. To investigate the underlying mechanism, Aspergillus carbonarius and B. cinerea spores were separately cocultured with two different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in both grape juice and synthetic nutrient media. The results showed that both A. carbonarius and B. cinerea promoted glycerol accumulation and the consumption of sugars in the coculture systems but could not synthesize glycerol by themselves. The metabolites produced by fungal spores triggered these reactions. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the presence of A. carbonarius spores regulated the expression of GPP1 and GPD2, indicating that the reaction was triggered by regulating the oxidative balance pathway. The study revealed the beneficial impact of fungal contamination on wine quality by influencing yeast metabolism.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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