Microinjecting yeast cells has been challenging for decades with no significant breakthrough due to the ultra-tough cell wall and low stiffness of the traditional injector tip at the micro-scale. Penetrating this protection wall is the key step for artificially bringing foreign substance into the yeast. In this paper, a yeast cell model was built by using finite element analysis (FEA) method to analyze the penetrating process. The key parameters of the yeast cell wall in the model (the Young's modulus, the shear modulus, and the Lame constant) were calibrated according to a general nanoindentation experiment. Then by employing the calibrated model, the injection parameters were optimized to minimize the cell damage (the maximum cell deformation at the critical stress of the cell wall). Key guidelines were suggested for penetrating the cell wall during microinjection.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | File | Description |
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