Depletion of ATP is a promising strategy for controlling or killing pests, pathogens, and cancer cells. In eukaryotic cells, mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP synthase plays a central role in oxidative phosphorylation and has therefore been considered as a suitable target for this strategy against pests, pathogenic fungi, and some cancer cells. Membrane-embedded Atp9 (subunit c) is a crucial subunit of the F1Fo-ATP synthase ring oligomer (c-ring) that, together with Atp6, directly mediates proton translocation, which drives ATP synthesis. Substitution of the proton-binding residue of Atp9, i.e., glutamic acid, with glutamine abrogates ATP synthase function. Importantly, a single mutated Atp9 subunit in the c-ring is sufficient for inactivation. We hypothesized, therefore, that heterologous expression of mutant Atp9 in cells would result in the assembly of a nonfunctional complex and, consequently, depletion of ATP. Using a yeast model system, we verified the hypothesis through a series of biochemical analyses and thus validated this approach as a strategy for depleting intracellular ATP in target cells and organisms.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Increase the total number of rows showing on this page by using the pull-down located below the table, or use the page scroll at the table's top right to browse through the table's pages; use the arrows to the right of a column header to sort by that column; filter the table using the "Filter" box at the top of the table; click on the small "i" buttons located within a cell for an annotation to view further details about experiment type and any other genes involved in the interaction.
Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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