CCC2 / YDR270W Overview
- Standard Name
- CCC2 1
- Systematic Name
- YDR270W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000002678
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Cu(+2)-transporting P-type ATPase; required for export of copper from cytosol into extracytosolic compartment; targeted to vacuole via AP-3 pathway; similar to human proteins involved in Menkes and Wilsons diseases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; affects TBSV model (+)RNA virus replication by regulating copper metabolism; human homologs ATP7A and ATP7B both complement yeast null mutant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
- Name Description
- Cross-Complements Ca(2+) phenotype of csg1 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
- Length (a.a.)
- 1004
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 109801.8
- Isoelectric Point
- 4.79
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 1155 +/- 486
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all CCC2 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Cation-transporting ATPase involved in copper ion export and iron homeostasis; localizes to the trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables ATPase-coupled monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity (IMP, IDA)
- enables copper ion binding (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in copper ion export (IMP)
- involved in intracellular iron ion homeostasis (IMP)
- involved in transmembrane transport (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- located in trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane (IDA)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene; null mutant shows sensitivity to alkaline pH that can be rescued by iron supplementation; null mutant grows slowly in iron or copper-limited medium; in large-scale studies, null mutant exhibits decreased competitive fitness, sensitivity to metal ions, decreased or absent respiratory growth, and sensitivity to various chemicals
Classical Genetics
- null
- alkaline pH resistance: decreased
- chronological lifespan: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- haploproficient
- metal resistance: decreased
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- protein/peptide distribution: abnormal
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- respiratory growth: absent
- respiratory growth: decreased rate
- respiratory growth: increased
- stress resistance: increased
- toxin resistance: decreased
- utilization of carbon source: decreased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- vegetative growth: decreased
- viable
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast CCC2 is homologous to human ATP7A and ATP7B, and has been used to study spinal muscular atrophy, Menkes disease, Wilson disease, occipital horn syndrome, liver disease, and neurological defects
Manually Curated
- Menkes disease (ISS, IGI, IMP)
- occipital horn syndrome (ISS, IMP)
- spinal muscular atrophy (ISS, IGI, IMP)
- Wilson disease (ISS, IGI, IMP)
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
125 total interactions for 102 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 29
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 6
- Reconstituted Complex: 2
- Two-hybrid: 4
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Lethality: 1
- Dosage Rescue: 4
- Negative Genetic: 56
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 1
- Phenotypic Suppression: 2
- Positive Genetic: 11
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 7
- Synthetic Lethality: 1
- Synthetic Rescue: 1
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- CCC2 encodes a copper transporting P-type ATPase of the Golgi membrane. Copper is an essential metal component of enzymes performing electron transfer reactions. At the same time, copper is redox-active and potentially highly cytotoxic. Cells must therefore avoid accumulating free intracellular copper and control its delivery from the sites of uptake to the final destinations. The primary destinations for copper are the cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria, a component of the electron transport chain, the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase Sod1p in the cytoplasm, a protein involved in protection against oxidative stress, and the high affinity iron transporter Fet3p in the plasma membrane. Ccc2p is involved in the latter process: it receives copper from a cytosolic chaperone Atx1p and transports it into the Golgi for incorporation to Fet3p before Fet3p is targeted to the plasma membrane via the secretory pathway. Thus, the three proteins, Atx1p, Ccc2p and Fet3p, link both copper and iron homeostasis. Expression of all three genes is known to be regulated by Aft1p, a transcriptional activator that relocates to the nucleus under low-iron conditions. A similar copper relay system exists in human cells: human Atox1/HAH10, homolog of ATX1, encodes a copper chaperone, and ATP7A and ATP7B, homologs of CCC2, encode copper-transporting ATPases in the Golgi. The human proteins can complement the respective yeast mutations. Defects in this system, caused by mutations in ATP7A or ATP7B, result in Menkes or Wilson diseases, respectively.
- Regulators
- 6
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2005-07-20
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.