ALA1 / YOR335C Overview
- Standard Name
- ALA1 1
- Systematic Name
- YOR335C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000005862
- Aliases
- CDC64 8
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase; required for protein synthesis; point mutation (cdc64-1 allele) causes cell cycle arrest at G1; lethality of null mutation is functionally complemented by human homolog AARS; mutations in human homolog AARS are associated with autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis and with hereditary peripheral neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease 1 2 3 4
- Name Description
- ALAnyl-tRNA synthetase 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Length (a.a.)
- 958
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 107252.8
- Isoelectric Point
- 5.18
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 47441 +/- 10334
- Half-life (hr)
- 9.5
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all ALA1 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Alanyl-tRNA synthetase that performs alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation by coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA; localizes to the both the cytoplasm and mitochondria
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables alanine-tRNA ligase activity (IMP)
- enables sequence-specific mRNA binding (IDA)
- enables zinc ion binding (RCA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation (IMP)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Essential gene; conditional mutants are impaired in cell cycle progression at elevated temperatures; reduced function mutants show decreased competitive fitness and have shortened telomeres; heterozygous diploid nulls are sensitive to zinc chloride and to oxidative stress; overexpression slows vegetative growth in S288C, increases invasive growth in Sigma1278b
Classical Genetics
- conditional
- null
- reduction of function
- null
- repressible
- overexpression
- reduction of function
- conditional
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast ALA1 is homologous to human AARS1 and AARS2, and has been used to study dermatomyositis, cerebellar ataxia, axonal neuropathy, microcephaly, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Manually Curated
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
405 total interactions for 360 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 34
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 8
- Biochemical Activity: 7
- Co-purification: 1
- Protein-peptide: 2
- Proximity Label-MS: 3
- Reconstituted Complex: 6
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Lethality: 2
- Negative Genetic: 283
- Positive Genetic: 56
- Synthetic Lethality: 3
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- ALA1 encodes an alanyl-tRNA synthetase that provides the alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation activity for protein synthesis in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondria. ALA1 is a single nuclear gene and its expression generates two distinctly localized isoforms through alternative transcription and translation. Transcription starts at positions -117, -105, and -54, producing two long transcripts that serve as templates for the mitochondrial isoform, and a short transcript that is a template for the cytoplasmic isoform. In all the transcripts there is only a single AUG initiator codon that is used for translation of the cytoplasmic isoform. The longer mitochondrial form is initiated from two inframe successive ACG codons located 69 nucleotides upstream of the AUG initiator. The N-terminal extension of the mitochondrial isoform functions as a leader peptide that targets the protein to the mitochondria. In humans, there are separate genes for cytoplasmic and mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetases. The cytoplasmic form is encoded by an ALA1 homolog AARS that is associated with autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis and complements yeast ala1 mutant.
- Regulators
- 8
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2008-07-14
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.