In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA damage or ribonucleotide depletion causes the transcriptional induction of an array of genes with known or putative roles in DNA repair. The ATM-like kinase, Mec1, and the serine/threonine protein kinases, Rad53 and Dun1, are required for this transcriptional response. In this paper, we provide evidence suggesting that another kinase, Hrr25, is also involved in the transcriptional response to DNA damage through its interaction with the transcription factor, Swi6. The Swi6 protein interacts with Swi4 to form the SBF complex and with Mbp1 to form the MBF complex. SBF and MBF are required for the G1-specific expression of G1 cyclins and genes required for S-phase. We show that Swi6 associates with and is phosphorylated by Hrr25 in vitro. We find that swi4, swi6, and hrr25 mutants, but not mbp1 mutants, are sensitive to hydroxyurea and the DNA-damaging agent methyl methane-sulfonate and are defective in the transcriptional induction of a subset of DNA damage-inducible genes. Both the sensitivity of swi6 mutants to methyl methanesulfonate and hydroxyurea and the transcriptional defect of hrr25 mutants are rescued by overexpression of SWI4, implicating the SBF complex in the Hrr25/Swi6-dependent response to DNA damage.
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| Gene | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MBP1 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: mbp1-Δ | S288C | 0.01% methyl methanesulfonate | |
| SWI6 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: swi6-Δ | S288C | 100 mM hydroxyurea | |
| SWI6 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: swi6-Δ | S288C | 0.01% methyl methanesulfonate | |
| SWI4 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: swi4-Δ | S288C | 100 mM hydroxyurea | |
| SWI4 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: swi4-Δ | S288C | 0.01% methyl methanesulfonate | |
| HRR25 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: hrr25-Δ | S288C | 100 mM hydroxyurea | |
| HRR25 | resistance to chemicals: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: hrr25-Δ | S288C | 0.01% methyl methanesulfonate | |
| MBP1 | resistance to chemicals: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: mbp1-Δ | S288C | 100 mM hydroxyurea |
Increase the total number of rows showing on this page by using the pull-down located below the table, or use the page scroll at the table's top right to browse through the table's pages; use the arrows to the right of a column header to sort by that column; filter the table using the "Filter" box at the top of the table; click on the small "i" buttons located within a cell for an annotation to view further details about experiment type and any other genes involved in the interaction.
| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Increase the total number of rows showing on this page by using the pull-down located below the table, or use the page scroll at the table's top right to browse through the table's pages; use the arrows to the right of a column header to sort by that column; filter the table using the "Filter" box at the top of the table; click on the small "i" buttons located within a cell for an annotation to view further details about experiment type and any other genes involved in the interaction.