ERG11 / YHR007C Overview
- Standard Name
- ERG11 1
- Systematic Name
- YHR007C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000001049
- Aliases
- CYP51 17
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase; catalyzes C-14 demethylation of lanosterol to form 4,4''-dimethyl cholesta-8,14,24-triene-3-beta-ol in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway; transcriptionally down-regulated when ergosterol is in excess; member of cytochrome P450 family; associated and coordinately regulated with the P450 reductase Ncp1p; human CYP51A1 functionally complements the lethality of the erg11 null mutation 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
- Name Description
- ERGosterol biosynthesis 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- ERG11 is located on the right arm of chromosome VIII near the centromere between STP2 transcription factor and uncharacterized gene YHR007C-A; coding sequence is 1593 nucleotides long with 12 SNPs, 2 of which cause amino acid polymorphisms
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Erg11p is 530 amino acids long, short-lived, and abundant; has 12 cytochrome P450 domains; phosphorylated on 7 residues, ubiquitinylated on 14 residues
- Length (a.a.)
- 530
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 60726.8
- Isoelectric Point
- 8.95
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 13032 +/- 5871
- Half-life (hr)
- 2.6
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all ERG11 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase; catalyzes the demethylation of lanosterol during the biosynthesis of ergosterol; localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables sterol 14-demethylase activity (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in ergosterol biosynthetic process (IDA, IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- located in endoplasmic reticulum (IDA, HDA)
Pathways
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Essential gene under standard growth conditions; null mutant is viable under anaerobic conditions and requires ergosterol for growth; down-regulation causes sensitivity to azole drugs and overexpression confers resistance; in large-scale studies, heterozygous null diploid is sensitive to heat and to toxic antimicrobial peptides
Classical Genetics
- overexpression
- null
- repressible
- reduction of function
- null
- reduction of function
- overexpression
- unspecified
- conditional
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast ERG11 is homologous to human CYP19A1, and has been used to study prostate cancer and Alzheimer's disease
High-Throughput
- is_implicated_in Alzheimer's disease (IGI, ISS)
- is_implicated_in prostate cancer (IGI, ISS)
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Erg11p interacts physically with proteins involved in lipid metabolism; ERG11 interacts genetically with genes involved in transcription
654 total interactions for 508 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 27
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 9
- Affinity Capture-Western: 4
- Biochemical Activity: 1
- Co-fractionation: 1
- Co-localization: 1
- Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS): 1
- PCA: 85
- Proximity Label-MS: 3
- Two-hybrid: 1
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Growth Defect: 3
- Dosage Lethality: 1
- Dosage Rescue: 4
- Negative Genetic: 391
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 1
- Positive Genetic: 43
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 32
- Synthetic Lethality: 44
- Synthetic Rescue: 2
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- ERG11 encodes a lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, a cytochrome P450 family member that catalyzes some of the enzymatic steps that lead from lanosterol to zymosterol in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. Ergosterol, the major sterol in fungi and the equivalent of cholesterol in mammalian cells, is an essential component of the plasma membrane, necessary for membrane integrity, fluidity, and proper function of membrane proteins. The entire sterol biosynthetic pathway occurs primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and requires almost 30 enzymes. Activities of these enzymes have to be tightly controlled to ensure sufficient supply but also to prevent an excess accumulation of free sterols, which leads to toxicity. This regulation involves multiple mechanisms at transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. Since sterol biosynthesis requires oxygen, under low-oxygen conditions sterol levels become low, which triggers relocation of two transcription factors, Upc2p and Ecm22p, to the nucleus. The two proteins then recognize and bind sterol regulatory elements (SRE) in the promoters of sterol biosynthesis genes and activate their transcription. Independently, oxygen levels affect transcription of sterol biosynthesis genes through a heme-dependent transcription factor Hap1p and a transcriptional repressor Rox1p. An excess of sterols, on the other hand, stimulates the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway to remove the HMG-CoA reductase Hmg1p/Hmg2p, which catalyzes an early rate-limiting step in sterol biosynthesis, thus leading to decreased sterol production. Additionally, Erg11p is itself targeted for degradation by ERAD components Ubc7p and Cdc48p, and another ER-associated degradation system. Despite some similarities, there are significant differences in sterol biosynthesis and its regulation between fungal and mammalian cells, which has made ergosterol biosynthesis an attractive target for antifungal drugs. Erg11p is a target of widely used azole drugs, whereas Erg1p is a target for terbinafine. Mutations in these genes are a major cause of antifungal drug resistance.
- Regulators
- 17
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2000-08-31
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.